The First Set Of Red Army'S "Formal" Costume Was Born.

"Its incomparable" military uniform of the Red Army

With the establishment of the Jinggangshan base area and the expansion of the red campaign, the Red Army has expanded rapidly, and the necessity of unifying clothing from operations and management has become increasingly evident.

In March 1929, after the first World War in Changling.

The Fourth Red Army captured the western city of Changting and the surrounding countryside.

At that time, Changting had a population of about 20 thousand people, rich in products and rich in business, and handicraft shops spread all over the urban and rural areas, with a good economic foundation.

After the liberation of Changting, the Red Army confiscated the property of more than ten reactionary gentry and raised wages to more than $1000 yuan merchants, raising a total of over 5 yuan.

"Feeding is no problem, morale is very exciting."

The former Fourth Committee of the Red Army decided to give 4 officers and men every soldier's salary.

Taking into account the establishment of the Red Army since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the "military uniform" is quite diverse, rather dilapidated and urgently needed to be replaced.

The front committee decided to make use of these military rates and Changting's good sewing and dyeing conditions to make up 4000 sets of military uniform.

The secret trade union of Changting assists the Logistics Department of the Red Army to purchase cloth.

At that time, there was no gray cloth in the shop, and the logistics department contacted the dyeing and finishing workshop to help dye the cloth grey, and then organized the individual tailoring workers and a tailoring factory specializing in military uniform, and set up the Red Army temporary garment factory in Zhengwu, South Gate Street (later developed into a Chinese Soviet clothing factory).

Because time is tight, quantity is much, workers are few, machines are not enough, the temporary clothing factory shifts two shifts, each class 8 hours, day and night overtime work to make up, at that time there were more than 20 tailoring master and sewing machine L2.

The military uniform is modeled on the Soviet Union's Red Army uniform (the Chinese tunic style, with two pockets below) and the octagonal hat pattern worn by Lenin, and then sewed two red cloth collar badges and eight star stars on the collar of the military uniform.

Because this time coincides with Lenin's death 5th anniversary, in memory of Lenin's great achievements.

The Fourth Army of the Red Army decided to put the black collar on the red collar of the 4000 sets of gray military uniform to commemorate it.

This is the only red collar in the history of the Red Army with a black border military uniform.

American writer Smedley wrote in the Great Road: "when Zhu mentioned these sewing machines, he had a lot of friendly voices.

General Zhu De said, "these machines are very important to us, because before that, all my clothes were made by hand.

But now we have the first batch of regular Red Army uniform. The color of the new military uniform is grey. Each set has a pair of leggings and a red cap.

It is not as beautiful as a foreign military uniform, but it is really wonderful for us. "

The cadres of the Red Army and the fourth army put on the new military uniform and their morale increased greatly. They held a grand parade in the South Village Square and accepted the leadership of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Chen Yi and so on in a neat and powerful military manner.

Mao Zedong once made a speech, which said: the red collar of the Red Army uniform collar represents two red flags.

Chen Yi explained the colors of military uniform: "gray blue represents mountains, oceans, indigo mountains and vast lands."

It was also the first time that the Red Army had uniform clothing within the scope of a military force.

Changting was rich in products and many cotton seeds. Later, the Red Army set up the first Chinese weaving mill in Changting.

The Red Army weaving factory and the Red Army clothing factory provided a large number of military uniforms and military quilts for the Red Army and the interim central government of the Chinese Soviet Union later in Ruijin.

More than 30 years later, during the Hangzhou conference in June l965, Mao Zedong saw Luo Ruiqing wearing a new uniform and taking notes seriously. He laughed and said, "the new military uniform of Luo's eldest son is special." Luo Ruiqing smiled awkwardly and said, "the president knows everything about me."

Mao Zedong said with a smile, remember that in 1929, he laid down a large number of grey cloth in Changting, and the Red Army made a set of gray military uniform. It is also like the red collar of the red flag (CAP BADGE), which is like today. It wears well. The eldest son heard it in Longyan and came to wear it.

He Zizhen said to him, as long as you get dressed, I will report to you for two sets.

Mao Zedong went on to say that Luo's eldest son tried all the military uniforms. He could not wear it. He wanted to test the same thing on me. He wanted to pick up my clothes! Mao Zedong's humorous words made Chen Yi laugh.

Chen Yi went on to say that Luo had really tried on the chairman's work and was too young to try.

Not long after the Red Army was replaced by the new army uniform, the army of the Central Soviet area gradually wore this style of uniform.

After l932, the uniform worn by the Red Army everywhere was basically the same.

The coat is a grey tunic, the cap is an octagonal cap, and the cap is a red cloth Pentagram; the military coat is a lapel collar, and 4 clear pockets with a lid and buckles, with a red cloth collar on the neckline, and a military suit trousers with a pocket sack and a leggings.

However, due to the constraints of economic conditions, the uniform pattern of the Red Army is gradually unified, and the fabric and color are not the same.

The colors of the Red Army are mostly grey, but they also have different colors.

A typical example is the Red Army of the red two regiment, the Red Army division, the gray uniform, the red eight division as the blue military uniform, and the red nine division as the blue military uniform.

In December 1931, the Kuomintang twenty-sixth Route Army was set up as the Fifth Army in Ningdu after the uprising.

The clothing factory of the general manager of the Central Military Commission has made one hundred flags and a number of winter clothes for it.

At this time.

The rebel leader went to the Red Army General Headquarters and put forward a request to replace the military uniform with Lenin.

After studying the headquarters of the Red Army, they agreed to their request and decided to turn the Red Army uniform into a pullover, a small lapel, two small pockets on top, and Lenin sleeves with tight sleeves.

Make preparations for the summer change in second years.

After hard work, in the spring of 1932, when the red army attacked Zhangzhou, it realized the plan of two sets of Lenin suits for the whole army.

This is an interlude in the uniform Red Army costume. Is it a mid mount or Lenin style?

Not yet completely unified.

The origin of the Red Army octagonal cap

The octagonal cap and the red five stars are the symbols of the Red Army.

There are many theories about the origin of the Red Star octagonal cap, of which there are at least four widely circulated ones.

The first argument is that in March L929, after the red fourth army hit Changting.

4000 sets of new military uniforms were made, and the uniform was modeled on the Soviet Red Army uniform (Zhongshan style, with two pockets) and Lenin's octagonal hat pattern.

The second theory is designed by Yin Deming.

Yin Deming was born in July 7th in l909, Hunan Province, Chaling County Fire Field Township Ma Fu village.

I only studied for half a year, and I studied tailoring with my uncle at the age of 9.

3 years later, he was awarded the title of "Yin Jian" with his superb skills.

In 1929, Yin Deming followed Mao Zedong to Jinggangshan and joined the guerrilla forces of Tan Yubao (commander of the guerrilla forces in Hunan and Jiangxi Province) at that time.

At that time, the guerrilla fighters did not have uniform dress and wore "old hat" (that is, the student cap at that time).

In February 1930, Tan Yubao, commander of the Hunan and Jiangxi guerrilla forces, held a special meeting on the elimination of military personnel. The main spirit was to make the team a "regular army" and to hand over the task of making the logo uniform to Yin Deming.

Within 3 days, Yin Deming was inspired by 8 columns from the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army, and the eight octagonal buildings on the ground. The first star of the Red Army octagonal hat was soon cut off.

Tan Yubao held his hat in love, and even claimed that he was "awesome! Great!" two months later, more than two thousand soldiers in the county put on the octagonal cap.

Within a year, the Chinese workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Army wore all the octagonal hats designed by him.

Yin Yi Jian, who was commended and praised, joined the Communist Party of China honorably.

Since then, Yin Deming has also served as chief of the New Fourth Army Quartermaster and garment factory director.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yin Deming returned home with his wife, actively participated in production and construction, and was once rated as a production pacesetter.

"I have done so many battles, but I always believe that making the first octagonal hat and managing the clothing factory is the most meaningful thing in my life."

Yin Deming said proudly.

The third theory is designed by Zhao Pinsan.

After the establishment of the Soviet Republic of China in November l931, the Red Army school was established in the red capital of Ruijin.

In early 1932, Liu Baicheng was pferred to the red school principal.

When he arrived, he saw that when the students were assembled or assembled, the students from all the troops were dressed in a variety of clothes and the queue was very irregular. They asked the director of the school club Zhao Pinsan: "the students' clothes are too chaotic. Now they have established their own country. They can make a uniform uniform. I heard that you are versatile, or a skilled craftsman. You are responsible for designing a uniform."

After careful command of Zhao Pinsan's command, he thought it was better to refer to the Red Army uniform of the Soviet Union.

Hat, it is not suitable for the southern part of our country to consider the military cap of the cloth type. Most of the other army caps are white army.

Some octagonal hat caps worn by some students are too large for Chinese people's figure and face.

He thought about it and drew many sketches. He thought he should use octagonal form to show that the Red Army was the armed forces of workers and peasants.

However, the hat type is greatly reduced and changed into small star anise, which seems to match the Chinese figure and face.

He also asked Yang Zhicheng, who is in charge of general affairs, to give advice. Yang Zhicheng looked at the sketch and agreed with the small star anise.

So, Yang sincerely bought cloth, Zhao Pinsan tailored molding.

The hat was sewn by Zhao Pinsan himself, with a red five-star on top.

The material was tailor made, and after taking it back, Zhao Pinsan sewed two red collar ties on the collar, which was also a reference to the Soviet Red Army.

When the clothes are made, the trainees try them on. After wearing them, they feel it is not convenient for them to tighten their mouths and are not suitable for the climate in southern China.

Made a few sets to allow students to wear Liu Baicheng principal to review.

Liu Baicheng was very satisfied when he saw it. He immediately instructed Yang Zhicheng to do the same for everyone in the school.

The new uniform of the red school students was uniform and powerful, and soon attracted the attention of the head of the headquarters and all the units.

So all the Central Soviet units followed the Red Army School and put on the same style small octagonal hat new military uniform.

The fourth argument is that the Red Army's octagonal hat was donated by Feng Yuxiang.

Feng Yuxiang failed in the Central Plains war which broke out in 1930, and his department was incorporated by Jiang Jieshi.

Feng Yuxiang was forced to go abroad to "investigate".

Before leaving, he quietly donated hundreds of thousands of military uniforms that he had planned to rally to the Red Army.

Since then, the Red Army has its own military uniform, which is the Red Army uniform marked by the octagonal cap.

Which of these statements is the most accurate? I can say for sure that Lenin has indeed worn it.

Feng Yuxiang's national army also wore it, which can be seen from photos.

Therefore, to tell the truth, the octagonal cap is not the first creation of the Red Army, it should be copied or copied, nor is it entirely designed by anyone.

In 1929, the Red Army's octagonal hat and Yin Deming's octagonal hat in l930 were all large octagonal caps. In 1931, the octagonal hat of Zhao Pinsan was a small octagonal hat.

But anyway, the grey octagonal cap became the special mark of the Red Army.

It is said that once the Red Army played an ambush in the White army.

When it was dark, the Red Army dispersed to the ditch, climbed up the slope, captured the prisoners, and mixed up with the enemy.

In the dark, it is impossible to see how to capture the prisoners. The only recognable sign is the difference between the enemy's cap and the Red Army: the enemy's cap and hat are short and hard, and the Red Army's anise cap is long and soft, and the edge of the hat is also supported by a piece of bamboo strip.

Therefore, when a Red Army soldier meets a man, he often holds up a waist and touches his opponent's hard hat with short brim.