The Characteristics And Expression Of National Costume Culture

China is more than one nation In a multicultural country, China's national costumes were born and developed together with the cultural quality of the Chinese nation from the very beginning. Based on the development of Chinese culture. China's national costumes have a history of 5000 years. In this thousands of years of evolution. With the change of dynasties and the passage of time. New styles of national costumes have emerged in various historical periods. There are obvious differences between dynasties, but they are not completely discontinuous. Instead, it follows and develops in a staggered way step by step.

For example: simple and unsophisticated Qin and Han costumes. The rich costumes of the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the elegant Tang costumes, the stately open costumes, and the luxurious Qing costumes are typical of Tang costumes. From Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Its main Han costumes have a close horizontal development relationship with other ethnic costumes in northwest China. In these hundreds of years. China is in the process of splitting to reunification. Feudal society was on the rise in economy, politics and culture. Especially when the prosperous Tang Dynasty became the economic and cultural exchange center of all ethnic groups in Asia. It is also the most brilliant page in the history of Chinese culture. During this period, it absorbed a lot of Indian and Iranian cultures. And integrate into Chinese culture. We can learn from murals, stone carvings, calligraphy and paintings left over from various periods. The pottery figurines are fully reflected. It is not difficult to see from the costumes of the Tang Dynasty. The female costumes of the Tang Dynasty are the best in the costumes of the past dynasties. Their materials are exquisite, their shapes are elegant, and their costumes are magnificent. Although its form is still the continuation of the Han and Sui legacy. But to a large extent, it was influenced by the Xianbei people, a northern minority. At the same time, it was also influenced by the culture and art from the Western Regions. Take the clothing of the historical famous painting "Beautiful Women with Hairpins" as an example. The wearing state of bare chest, exposed arms, draped yarn, slanted collar, large sleeves and long skirt is the most typical open style. The clothes are covered with purple gauze. The back lines on the clothes are faintly visible, and the underwear is sleeveless "Luo is thin and transparent, soft and clear, with distinctive and unique style. When the history developed to the end of the Qing Dynasty, China's feudal society was about to collapse, political darkness, economic decline, and ideological prohibition.

Chinese society is on the decline, and capitalist civilization is in the rising stage of rapid development. It is urgent to open up overseas markets and raw material supply places. Western commodities are increasingly imported into China. The traditional Chinese national costumes have been strongly impacted. Influenced by European culture, the traditional Chinese costumes have been greatly simplified. At the same time, Western costumes have become popular in the upper middle class of Chinese society, forming a lofty "new style," westernized "atmosphere. To the Republic of China. The appearance of Chinese tunic suit was a significant feature of Chinese national costumes during this period. It was favored by Chinese people for its solemnity, steadiness, simplicity and generosity, and became a kind of reverence and pursuit of the society at that time. And this dress

It was inextricably linked with the development of economy, politics and culture at that time. The founding of New China. Great changes have taken place in China's national costumes. The trend of development is the coexistence of classics, the return of tradition and the pursuit of elegance and elegance. Compared with, regular and classic. The perfect is in sharp contrast to the unconventional, unbalanced and weird.

Chinese national costumes have different characteristics in different historical periods, which are not only inseparable from the economy, politics and culture at that time. At the same time, it is also related to the living conditions of all ethnic groups. Regional environment. Religious belief and other factors are closely linked. Generosity, easiness and elegance are the basic elements to form the characteristics of Zhongchang national costumes.

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The main characteristics of Chinese national costumes are shown in the following aspects:

1. Regionality. China has a vast territory. In China's several thousand years of historical development, the conservative and exclusive nature of various ethnic groups in a relatively independent and isolated geographical environment has gradually formed the unique customs of this place. Therefore, Chinese ethnic costumes, especially ethnic costumes, are affected by the natural environment such as climate and customs and the human environment such as folk customs. Domination and restriction, therefore, have a distinctive regional character, and have remained relatively stable for a long time. This regionalism determines that the costumes of all ethnic groups form a relatively stable form and have their typical regional style. For example, Manchu cheongsam clothing has evolved from design concept to pattern making. It has a strong northern Manchu style. However, the exclusiveness of the habits of ethnic minorities in the south is difficult to accept the style of cheongsam. At the same time, due to regional reasons, there are few ethnic minorities in China

Ethnic minorities Clothes & Accessories It is difficult to become the world's fashion like European suits. The regional characteristics of various ethnic groups provide unique clothing styles for the formation of clothing culture.

2. Decorative. Chinese national costumes have a strong decorative effect. As one of the four ancient civilizations, China's clothing has always been an important part of Chinese culture. Thousands of years of convergence, precipitation and elimination of the essence of the Chinese nation. Especially after the comprehensive development of the Qin, Han, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing and other dynasties, China's clothing culture has a rich meaning and depth. Form unique charm and bone.

For example, the clothing of the Qing Dynasty reflects the level of official rank of the Qing Dynasty through the colors, styles, patterns, etc. E.g. Dai costumes pursue lightness, beauty and elegance. They often weave peacock and elephant patterns into dresses such as tube skirts, bags and towels. It has a distinctive national personality. Another example: Tu women usually like to use red, yellow, green, purple and blue colored cloth to sew {Il sleeves, like beautiful rainbows and gorgeous mountain flowers, to express their hopes for a better life. These ethnic decoration methods are also used in modern design concepts.

3. Diversity. Because China has 56 ethnic groups, this determines the diversity of Chinese ethnic costumes. This diversity not only reflects its geographical distribution, but also shows its practical effect. At the same time. The choice of accessories, the matching of colors, the conception of styles and the embodiment of styles. Each nation has its own different ideas. The nomadic minorities such as Inner Mongolia and Dahir consider practicality in clothing due to the regional uncertainty. Pursue simplicity and simplicity in form. The ethnic minorities in western Tibet are mostly related to religious beliefs. Therefore, the aesthetic concept of its clothing is deeply influenced by religion. In terms of hue, cold color is the key. It reflects the solemn and dignified effect. The Dai, Naxi and Li nationalities in the south are good at dancing because of their natural environment. open personality. Its clothing deliberately shows the choice of fabrics and decorations in form. It has a strong contrast decoration effect. Among the Han ethnic costumes, the female costumes in Hui'an, Fujian, have the most visual impact. It is often described as "feudal head, democratic belly, thrifty shirt and wasteful pants. In form, the color is harmonious with the natural environment. The shape is beautiful and the color is harmonious. Strange but not vulgar, gorgeous and charming, it is beneficial to be" a wonderful flower of Chinese national costumes. The diversity of all ethnic groups also provides broad creative space for the development of their modern costumes.

The economy of a country. Political and cultural development. It is inevitable to push history forward. The Chinese nation has 500 years of long history and profound cultural accumulation. It profoundly affects the artistic characteristics and national personality of Chinese national costumes.

At the same time. The Chinese national costumes with strong national costume culture have a profound impact on modern costumes in the gradual process of history. Entering the modern society, with the acceleration of people's life rhythm. Costumes of border countries have also undergone great changes. Its main characteristics are short, functional, comfortable and personalized. The traditional clothing that is not convenient for activities and is not conducive to health is mostly sublated by modern people. While maintaining its own characteristics, the traditional Chinese national clothing attracts the advantages of Western clothing to form a new fashion that combines Chinese and Western clothing with a modern flavor, In this respect, Chinese Tang costumes and cheongsam are the most influential and persuasive. Since the Western Han Dynasty, the costumes of the Tang Dynasty have been colorful and magnificent. Robes, blouses, headdresses, draperies, etc., can be described as a hundred flowers in bloom and colorful, which fully shows that the Tang Dynasty was the heyday of national unity, economic prosperity, and cultural prosperity in feudal society.

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As far as "gowns" are concerned, the monarchs, officials and common people in the Tang Dynasty all wore gowns, but according to the status of the wearer, there were strict distinctions in styles, colors and patterns. In modern times, the gowns in Tang costumes were simplified by people. In addition to retaining the favorite styles, their colors and patterns were gradually eliminated. At the same time, the jacket covered outside is also abandoned, which facilitates people's wearing and makes it more practical. Until the middle of the 20th century, celebrities in Chinese society and men in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan used gowns as social dress. After entering the 21st century, Tang costumes have been carried forward. In particular, Tang Shirts have been greatly improved on the basis of traditional styles. In the style design, the traditional slanted placket has been changed into straight placket and button, opposite placket and slanted placket, with sleeves and western cut sleeves. In terms of color application, the traditional red series such as bright red, wine red and peach red have been changed. Dark green, goose red, bright purple, beige and light gray are popular. In terms of patterns, many fashionable patterns and abstract patterns have also appeared. And the ingredients also get rid of the original silk. silk brocade. Add some wool and hemp, chemical fiber ingredients and match the fashionable styles of the season. From these four aspects, it highlights the leniency and easiness of Tang costumes· Elegant national personality. It is deeply loved by Chinese people. In particular, the Tang costumes worn by the heads of state at the APEC meeting in Shanghai in 2002 illustrate this point.

As a traditional dress, cheongsam is the product of the integration of Han, Manchu, Mongolian and other national cultures. It is the crystallization of the whole Chinese costume culture, with strong national color. From traditional cheongsam to modern cheongsam. Its evolution can be said to be a masterpiece of the combination of Chinese and Western cultures. Therefore, it has a strong sense of modernity and internationalism, and is loved by people in many countries in the world. Because the style of cheongsam is simple, slender, separate and quiet. It fully demonstrates the curve beauty of oriental women, giving people a feeling of introversion, reservation, dignity and dignity. So he has served for hundreds of years without failing. Modern cheongsam differs from traditional cheongsam in length. The sleeve length is shortened, and the sleeve is changed from the original Chinese style sleeve to the western style sleeve; The slit of cheongsam has gradually changed from never slit to low slit, even to the popular high slit cheongsam, and the tall and eared cheongsam has gradually changed into a cheongsam without slit; The placket changes from the traditional left to the door placket. A variety of design methods such as side placket, inclined placket, opposite placket and reverse placket are produced. Various shapes and styles. In recent years. With the improvement of people's living standards, the acceleration of the pace of life, the increase of social activities, and the change of aesthetic concepts, many changes have taken place in the style of cheongsam, many new varieties of cheongsam and cheongsam Is available. It has been increasingly accepted by modern women. So. The influence of traditional cheongsam on modern cheongsam lies in its nationality. Practical and contemporary.