Pearl River Delta Survey: Small And Micro Enterprises Operating Pressure Over Previous Years

　　 scarcity of money , Electricity shortage , Human shortage ... SMEs are facing difficulties in the near future. On the one hand is the increase in enterprise inventories, the reduction of orders and the reduction of delivery volume; on the other hand, the pressure of financing, the increase of raw materials, labor costs and the appreciation of the renminbi.

The National Federation of industry and Commerce found that the pressure of SMEs, especially small and micro enterprises, may have exceeded the international financial crisis in 2008.

　 enterprise Management Increased difficulty

At present, textile, chemical and other industries have been affected by a variety of superposition factors. "In May, it was the off-season, but this year, when it entered April, it clearly felt that the business declined." Ms. Cao, head of a clothing company in Binzhou, Shandong, said that compared with the same period last year, the volume of business declined by 1/3 this year. According to her introduction, the drop in business volume is related to the rising cost. Compared with last year, the fabric of one meter rose by three or four yuan, let alone artificial.

Because of the poor demand of downstream enterprises, cotton spinning enterprises are having a hard time. Inventory is difficult to digest at the moment, some cotton mills with tight funds have chosen to stop production; some have chosen to promote sales in order to withdraw funds, and "cut meat" has survived the inventory digestion period. At present, many textile enterprises have entered a difficult "inventory period".

Some light industrial enterprises in the Pearl River Delta and other places have increased the cost of enterprises by at least 30% because of increased labor costs, rising raw material prices and appreciation of the renminbi. The price range that customers can accept is not more than 10%. No one is willing to do such a losing business. Many business owners simply shut the factory down.

The dilemma of SME management has attracted the attention of many departments. Almost at the same time, the Ministry of industry, the Banking Regulatory Commission, the National Federation of industry and commerce, China SME Association and other departments and social organizations launched research on SMEs.

The National Federation of industry and commerce took more than two months to investigate 16 provinces, such as Guangdong, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, and found that the pressure of SMEs, especially small and micro enterprises, may have exceeded the international financial crisis in 2008.

Among the 35 enterprises surveyed by the Wenzhou Federation of industry and commerce, 1/4 of them were close to losses, mainly concentrated in eyeglasses, lighters and pen making businesses, and less than 10 of the enterprises whose profits exceed 5%.

The first quarter foreign trade report of the Ministry of Commerce shows that factor cost has entered a rising period. The price of raw materials continues to rise, and recruitment and labor costs increase. In addition, the rising cost of financing and the pressure of RMB appreciation will also affect the external orders of enterprises.

　 Developing small financial institutions

For a long time, small and medium-sized textile enterprises want to borrow money from banks has always been a troublesome matter, or even simply can not lend. This year, because of tight money, the loan pressure of SMEs is even more serious.

Ms. Cao, a garment company, told the China Securities Journal reporter that they had applied for loans with the local small businesses in the form of "joint guarantee", but with the tightening of money, the way of "joint guarantee" is no longer used. In addition, loan applications become more difficult. Some owners reflected that they could be granted in the past one or two weeks. Now it will take more than a month, and the loan application procedure is more troublesome than before, and the examination and approval is stricter than before. In order to ease financial difficulties, some enterprises have to raise funds for private sector. However, the high interest and risk of private financing will undoubtedly increase the business risk of enterprises.

But banks are reluctant to lend money. The credit department manager of a state-owned commercial bank said that the deposit reserve ratio continued to rise, and the size of bank credit would be reduced objectively. "Some quality customers lend us money, and interest rates will go up 1.1 times, let alone those small and medium businesses with low credit, low stability and low growth. There is no money to lend to them."

Insiders said that in addition to the reasons for the tightening of bank credit, small and medium-sized enterprises' capital management is very problematic. For a long time, small and medium-sized enterprises are accustomed to survive and develop under the loose monetary policy. Therefore, every time the money is tight, there are always some enterprises' financing problems exposed, or even sudden death overnight. In this regard, we can encourage the development of small financial institutions to legalize huge amounts of idle capital and alleviate the financing difficulties of SMEs.

Chen Yongjie, director of the Research Office of the National Federation of industry and commerce, said that the small loan companies have the advantages that large banks do not have, small loans, fast processing, simple procedures and flexible guarantee methods. For a long time, the credit supply and demand structure of our country is out of balance, and the state-owned banks are not paying enough attention to the small loans. The small loan company not only opened an export to the huge amount of hot money, but also alleviated the problem of small and medium-sized enterprises' financing difficulty to a certain extent, so that small and medium-sized enterprises saw the dawn of financing.

Moreover, the analysis suggests that the tax burden of small and medium-sized enterprises should be reduced. Although the state has issued many tax reduction measures, the enterprises that can enjoy preferential policies are limited and more restrictive conditions. Therefore, the scope of tax reduction for small and medium-sized enterprises should be appropriately expanded so as to improve the survival and development of enterprises.